CBSE SYLLABUS: NCERT Chemistry Part 1 Textbook for Class 12th
Unit II: Solutions
Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, Raoult's law, Colligative properties—relative lowering of vapor pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, and the Van't Hoff factor.
Unit III: Electrochemistry
Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, the Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's Law, electrolysis and the law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and galvanic cells, lead accumulators, fuel cells, and corrosion.
Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics
Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting the rate of reaction: concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations, and half-life (only for zero- and first-order reactions), concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, and Arrhenius equation.
Unit VIII: d and f Block Elements
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first-row transition metals—metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, color, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation, preparation, and properties of K₂Cr₂O₇ and KMnO₄.
Lanthanoids—electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity, lanthanoid contraction, and its consequences.
Actinoids—electronic configuration, oxidation states, and comparison with lanthanoids.
Unit IX: Coordination Compounds
Coordination compounds—introduction, ligands, coordination number, color, magnetic properties, and shapes; IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner's theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism; importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals, and biological systems).
CBSE SYLLABUS: NCERT Chemistry Part 2 Textbook for Class 12th
Unit VI: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes.
Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation mechanism of substitution reactions.
Haloarenes: Nature of C–X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only).
Uses and environmental effects of dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, Freons, and DDT.
Unit VII: Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers
Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, and uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.
Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, and uses of phenols.
Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, and uses.
Unit VIII: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids
Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes, uses.
Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, and uses.
Unit IX: Amines
Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, and identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines.
Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions, and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
Unit: X: Biomolecules
Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.
Proteins—Elementary idea of amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptides, proteins, and structure of proteins
- primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, and enzymes.
Hormones—an elementary idea excluding structure.
Vitamins—Classification and functions.
Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.
